Dam



May 2, 1933. E. H. BURROUGHS DAM Filed May 27, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet lINYENTOR May 2 1933 E. H. BURRoUGHs 1,906,536

I DAM Filed May 21, 195o 4 sheets-sheet 2 INV TOR /BY M374 M//Mfg/fATToR Ys` May 2, 1933 E. H. BURRoUGl-ls 1,906,536

DAM

Filed May 27, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR M ATTORNEY May 2, 1933. E,H, BuRRouG-Hs 1,966,536

DAM

Filed May 27, 1930 4 lShee'f.s-Shee1'. 4

i ,l |v TOR va" @A ,2d BY ATTORNEYS 110 larly applicable; l

Fig. 2 is a planviewon a reduced scale, of f Patented A May 2, r1933EDGAR H. BnRRoUGs. 0F SCARSDALE, NEWIYORK, Assrenonbro AMBURSENLJGGNQ yf 's'rmro'rron coMPANYfI'Nc-...Jor NnWeYonx. N., YQ, A coRPoRnTIoN oFNf'rjw yYom: e

- :Appncatmnma May 27.,

5 ings, .in which I have shown asselected em'- n bodimentlof theinvention, and in which Fig l is a vertical longitudinal section.through a portionofa dam illustratingvone situation in Which thisinv'entionis particuthe .dam'shown in Fig.`1; f( .v Figl 3 is a sectionon .the line 3-31 of Fignil; -r"Fig 4 `is a horizontal` sectional f viewf' 15 through the damshown in Fig. l `and villusf.A trating ,one type`of support lfor vtheV Water-VV bearing decl; which maybeusedjvvthladvantagein the practice of this invention ,s y 1 Fig. 5 isa vertical.sectional yviewextend- 1x20 ingf up-vr and doWn-streamthrougha: dam

' v superstructure; n l .n

- Fig. 6 is a section on the-line 6--6 `of Fig.15; Fig.`7 is a viewcorresponding to-Fig. 1,-but showing adifferent embodiment of theyinven-y 11125 tion. r

e The invention relates 'particularly towdams of the hollow type',comprising an inclined upstream Water-bearing.k deck '71. supported by apluralityv fof` supports disposed beneath -1 30 thedeck and extendingup-` and down-stream.

` In this case, the deck is shown as of the flat slab-type, but itil isto be understood .that by the use of the termdeck I intend to cover anyform of Water-,bearing surface, such, for

example, as thearchand dome constructions.r

Y Thesup-ports :for fthe deck are ,preferably inthe form of bents which,invFig. 4f., are

shown-at' 2 asbeingA of) closed box form .in

cross section, and,-in Fig. 6, vtheya'refshown 5 4o at 2 as of U-shapein cross section. Ineither case, it is preferable that 'thesefbentsshall. be separated from/'each other byjoints as indicated in both Figs.4.and 6, and asshown at 21 in Fig. 5. Itwill be seen that by' this are45l rangement, .these supports have great lateral 1936. jV 'semim5455395.

stability vlthrougironi; f their V'lerigthfv fromfth i deckl .tofthedownlstreanr face `3` yof` the dam, as yth'eyare composed of membersspaced apart clongitudinally of-the dam and rtied to gether. Thestability lengthwise of the dam' maybe increased byn the "provision ofstruts l as'shownin Fig. 4; though under certain vcircumstances thesestruts may'bepom'itted as indicated in" Fig. 6. Preferably the joints ibetween adjacent kbents are disposed substantially on surfaces of firstprincipal stress.

y Referring'now toFigs. l and 2, I have i1'-V lustrated a conditlonwhich is a' veXations one andTwhich up tothe present timehas causedgreat difliculty. "tI refer to asituation Where there is` unsatisfactorymaterial, particularly k at the ends ofthe dam. For example, there maybeonevor more faults indicated'at 5 y Which cause .thelnateri al aboveKthem to tend to slidebodily toyvard ythefstream when any Weight is putthereon.: Such 'a situationl is particularly bad when the dam is ofs'ubstantialfheight, as indicated in Fig. 1. In 'such a,

situation it maybe advisableto substitute for the end 'of the'masonrydam a rocker other vlill 6, this full being lin'edor facedWithconaisubstantial side or lateral thrustftoWard 'the stream lwhich,is an unknownquantity; y

My *invention finds particular ,value in such ai situation as that justdescribed. JAS'- suming the conditions illustratedin Fig. 1,' Ik

may provide at the end fof the` dama-buttrcss or retaining Wall7,here.shown ashavinga A plurality off'rearw'a'rdly :extending :shelves8 and verticalv Walls 9fsupporting the shelves. The relation of this endbuttress to the pro- 'le ofy the dam may be as illustrated-in Fig.

` f The rock till `Will be'received'in theV pt )c'k-v etsv formed by the,Walls 9 andshelves 8 and thus aidk in makingthe end kb-uttreslsfinde- Yited to this particular form, the important thing being that the endbutti-ess shall be as nearly independently stable as possible, so as tosupport the fill behind it. The fill will extend around the down-streamface of the dam, its top being indicated in Fig. 2 at 10, and the lineof contact between the fill and the downstream face being indicated at11, and the foot of the fill at 12. Similarly, the up-stream face ordeck of the dam meets the fill at theline 13. Preferably, the downstreamface of the dam will be closed so as to prevent the rock or othermaterial from coming beneath the deck. Y Y

With the arrangement described above, lateral thrust may be providedagainst to good advantage, no matter whether this thrust is due to therock fill or to slippage along one or more faults in the material beyondthe l iill. Assuming that the weight of thefstructure and its load maybe represented `by the line 14in Fig. 1 and that the horizontal thrustis represented by the line.15,then the resultant of these two forces maybe represented by the line 16. By providing bents of the form describedhitherto which haveV great lateral stability and, if necessary, by usingadditional bracing or struts between these bents, it is possible totransmit the force represented by the line 16 through the superstructureof the dam to the foundation of the supports for this part of the dam;in other words, to carry it to the foundation within a very shortdistance and thus to relievethe greater portion of the damsuperstructure from the stresses caused by this lateral thrust. By greatlateral stability Imean a stability suiicient to take the entire thrustfrom the fill, if necessary, or a stability of that or der, so that, incase of failure of the retaining wall, each support will resist thethrust of the fill as a retaining wall. i

The above may be accomplished by using a structure such as that shown inFig. 4, the struts 4being preferably in the form of continuous Wallsextending between the bents and provided with vertical joints 17 betweenthe struts and bents. These struts are preferably located in alinementwith the transverse portions 18 of the bents so as'to form in effect acontinuous lateral support from the end i buttress 7 out through thesuperstructure of the dam to a point where it may no longer be needed.In the illustrated embodiment I have indicated the top of the strutwalls as at 19 and extending to the support 20 adjacent the foot 12 ofthe fill. The extent of these bracing walls will, of course, be a matterof design forthe individual job. The joints between bents in thesupports are shown at 21, in Figs. 1, 4, 5, and Y Referring now to Fig.7, the invention may be practiced by omitting thel fill and by carryingthe` buttress 2 and struts 4 clear to the end ofthe damand over thefault 5, the buttresses being preferably of the bent type referred toabove. In this Way, any side thrust is transmitted from the portionabove the fault to the other portion of the dam, and thence to itsfoundation.

I claim:

1. A dam comprising an inclined up stream water-bearing deck, aplurality of supports beneath said deck and extending down-streamtherefrom and spaced apart longitudinally of the dam, each of saidsupports beingformed of a plurality of bents separated byjoints disposedapproximately parallel to a trajectory of first principal stress, anindependently stable support at one end ofthe dam, a fill behind saidend support, and struts between said supports at said joints.

2. A dam -comprising an inclined upstream water-bearing deck, aplurality of supports beneathsaid deck and` extending downstreamtherefrom and spaced apart longi* tudinallyV of the dam, each of saidsupports being formed of a plurality of bents separated by jointsdisposed approximately parallel to a trajectory of first principalstress, and struts between adjacent supports atsaid joints and adaptedto transmit lateral thrust from onesupport to another. i Y

3. A dam comprising a masonry structure having lan inclined upstreamwater-bearing deck, a plurality of supports spaced apart lengthwiseofthe dam beneath said deck and extending downstream therefrom, a filldisposed-at one end of said structure kand forming-part'of the dam, anda retaining Wall extending upand down-stream between said structure andsaid fill, saidwall being designed to retain said fill independent ly ofthe masonry structure and having an upand down-stream profilesubstantially the same as that of the masonry structure adjacentthereto. Y

4. A dam comprising a masonry structure having an inclined up-streamwater-bearing deck, a plurality of supports spaced apart lengthwise ofthe dam beneath said deck and extending down-stream therefrom, a iilldisposed at one end of said structure and forming part ofthe dam, aretaining wall extending upand down-stream between said structure andsaid fill, said wall being designed to retain said lill independently ofthe masonry structure and having an upand downsstream prolilesubstantially the same as that of themasonry structure adja centthereto, and means closing the downstream face of the dam adjacent saidwall, to keep the material of the iill out of the space beneath thedeck. v

5. A dam comprising a masonry structure having an inclined upstreamwater-bearing deck, a plurality of supports spaced apart lengthwise ofthe dam beneath said deck and extending down-stream therefrom, a filldisposed at one-end vof said structure andformi ing part of the dam, anda retaining wall eX- tending up-r and down-stream between said structureand said lill, said wall being designed to retain said illindependently. of`

the masonry structure and Lhaving an upand down-stream prolilesubstantially the same as that olf the masonry structureadj a-v centthereto, each of saidy supports adjacent` the retaining wallbeingdesigned to take the extending down-stream therefrom, a lill disposedatone end of said'structure and forming part of the dam, a retaining Wallextending upand down-stream between saidstructure and said lill, saidwall being designed toretain said lill independently of themasonry'structure and having an upand downstream prolile substantiallythe same as that of the masonry structure adjacent thereto, each of saidsupports adjacent the retaining wall' being designed to take the thrustfrom said lill, and struts-.extending between said adjacent supports. YY 7. A dam comprising a masonry structure having an inclined up-streainWater-bearing deck, a plurality of supports spaced apart lengthwise ofthe dam beneath saiddeckand extending down-stream therefrom, a filldisposed at one end of said structure'and forming part of the dam, aretainingwall extending upand down-stream between said structurel andsaid lill, said wall being designed to retain said lill independently ofthe masonry` structure and having an upand down-stream prolile'substantially thev same as that of the masonry structure adjacentthereto, and means closing the down-stream face of the dam adjacent saidwall, to keep the material of the lill out of the space beneath thedeck, each of said supports adjv`acent the retaining wall being`designed to take the thrust from said fill. n

8. A dam comprising amasonry structure havingan inclined up-streamwater-'bearing deck, a plurality of supports spaced apart lengthwise ofthe dam beneath said deck and extending down-stream therefrom, a lilldis-r posed at one endoi said structure andforming part of the dam, aretaining wall .extendv ing upand down-stream between said structure andsaid lill, said wall being designed yto retain said lill independently.of the masonry structure and having an upand downstream prolilesubstantially vthe same as that of the masonry structure adjacentthereto,

means closing the downfstream face of the l dam adjacent said Wall, tokeep. the material of the lill out of the space beneaththe deck,

.` each of said supports adjacent the retaining lWall being designed totakethe thrust vfrom said lill, and struts extending between said l ingan inclined up-stream water-bearing deck j with supports disposedbeneath it, and a re-y taining wall extending up-y and down-streambetweenv said lill and structure and designed f to take the thrustkol`said fill independently of said structure.

' EDGAR H. BURROUGrI-IS.

